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Advent of Code 2023-Day 4: Scratchcards

#lang iracket/lang #:require racket
(require "../advent.rkt")

I always enjoy recursive list processing in Racket :) Here's our input today:

Card 1: 41 48 83 86 17 | 83 86  6 31 17  9 48 53
Card 2: 13 32 20 16 61 | 61 30 68 82 17 32 24 19
Card 3:  1 21 53 59 44 | 69 82 63 72 16 21 14  1
Card 4: 41 92 73 84 69 | 59 84 76 51 58  5 54 83
Card 5: 87 83 26 28 32 | 88 30 70 12 93 22 82 36
Card 6: 31 18 13 56 72 | 74 77 10 23 35 67 36 11

Advent of Code 2023-Day 2: Cube Conundrum

#lang iracket/lang #:require racket
(require "../advent.rkt" threading)

Our data today is as follows:

Game 1: 3 blue, 4 red; 1 red, 2 green, 6 blue; 2 green
Game 2: 1 blue, 2 green; 3 green, 4 blue, 1 red; 1 green, 1 blue
Game 3: 8 green, 6 blue, 20 red; 5 blue, 4 red, 13 green; 5 green, 1 red
Game 4: 1 green, 3 red, 6 blue; 3 green, 6 red; 3 green, 15 blue, 14 red
Game 5: 6 red, 1 blue, 3 green; 2 blue, 1 red, 2 green

For today's task, I found it helpful to make use of the parallel-combine combinator from Hanson & Sussman's "Software Design for Flexibility". This combinator applies f and g to the input, in parallel, and combines their output using h. Pictorially, it looks like this:

Advent of Code 2022-Day 5: Supply Stacks

#lang iracket/lang #:require racket
(require "../advent.rkt")

Day 5 - Part 1

Supply Stacks We're given the following sample input:

    [D]    
[N] [C]    
[Z] [M] [P]
 1   2   3 

move 1 from 2 to 1
move 3 from 1 to 3
move 2 from 2 to 1
move 1 from 1 to 2

And, fortunately for us, the first part has lines padded with spaces to be of equal length - this makes parsing just a little bit easier :) Even so, the built-in parsers we have for AoC are insufficient, so we'll just use a custom parser that reads the file into a string, splits it on "\n\n", and then maps the string-split function over both parts - the stack lines and the command lines:

Advent of Code 2022-Day 4: Camp Cleanup

#lang iracket/lang #:require racket
(require "../advent.rkt")

Day 4 - Part 1

Camp Cleanup

Before we get started with today's puzzle, I have some cleanup of my own to do!

1. all-from-out

At the beginning of each day, the second line of the prelude above is:

(require "../advent.rkt")

This is Racket's way of importing a module. Rather than also having to import common modules I typically use, such as the threading module, e.g. (require "../advent.rkt" threading), I'd like to be able to just import my advent.rkt module and get access to threading as well. I learned a long time ago that the answer to the question, "Can Racket do \<X>", is almost always, "yes", and this is no exception; it's accomplished with the all-from-out macro. My advent.rkt module already had (require threading) for it's own purposes, so I just needed a directive to have it export all of the exports from threading as if they were defined in advent.rkt:

(provide (all-from-out threading))

2. A parsing fix

One of the parsers I got from Peter Norvig is the numbers parser, and it allows parsing input such as 1,2 | -3,4 into a list of numbers, '(1 2 -3 4); however, today's input was like 49-51,31-50, and the numbers parser would output '(49 -51 31 -50. The - chars were meant to be separators, not negative signs. The original numbers parser used the regex pattern -?[0-9.]+. Modifying the regex pattern to be ((?<![0-9])-)?[0-9.]+ instead, which uses a negative lookbehind pattern, correctly outputs '(49 51 31 50).

The negative lookbehind pattern (?<![0-9]) is used in front of the -, so that the - will only match if it's not preceded by a numeric digit. This is a very handy regex technique.

Ok, with the modified numbers parser in place, let's parse today's input!

Advent of Code 2022-Day 3: Rucksack Reorganization

#lang iracket/lang #:require racket
(require "../advent.rkt" threading)

Day 3 - Part 1

Rucksack Reorganization

We're given some sample input:

vJrwpWtwJgWrhcsFMMfFFhFp
jqHRNqRjqzjGDLGLrsFMfFZSrLrFZsSL
PmmdzqPrVvPwwTWBwg
wMqvLMZHhHMvwLHjbvcjnnSBnvTQFn
ttgJtRGJQctTZtZT
CrZsJsPPZsGzwwsLwLmpwMDw

The first half of each list contains items for one compartment of the backpack, and the second half contains items for the other compartment. Each backpack has, erroneously, one item in both compartments/halves.

Lower case items have priorities 1 to 26; upper case items 27 to 52.

Find the item type that appears in both compartments of each rucksack. What is the sum of the priorities of those item types?